# Lesson Plan: Comparison of Different Pre-Colonial Administrations
**Grade Level:** Senior Secondary 2 (SS2)
**Subject:** Government
**Lesson Duration:** 80 minutes
**Topic:** Comparison of Different Pre-Colonial Administrations
## Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
1. Identify and describe the basic characteristics of different pre-colonial administrations in various regions.
2. Compare and contrast the administrative structures and functions of at least three different pre-colonial societies.
3. Analyze the impacts of these administrations on their societies.
## Materials Needed
- Whiteboard and markers
- PowerPoint slides
- Handouts with summaries of different pre-colonial administrations
- Projector
- Maps of pre-colonial regions
- Videos or documentaries (if available)
## Lesson Outline
### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Greeting and Attendance** (2 minutes)
- Welcome students and take attendance.
2. **Hook Activity** (8 minutes)
- Show a brief video clip or images of ancient societies from different regions.
- Ask students to mention any societies they recognize and what they know about them.
- Explain that today's lesson will compare different pre-colonial administrations across various regions.
### Direct Instruction (20 minutes)
1. **Mini-Lecture** (15 minutes)
- Provide an overview of different pre-colonial administrations: for example, the Yoruba Kingdoms, the Igbo Traditional Societies, and the Hausa-Fulani Sultanates.
- Highlight key elements such as leadership structure, law and order, economic systems, and social organization.
**Example Talking Points:**
- **Yoruba Kingdoms:** Centralized administration with a king (Oba), council of chiefs, and well-defined territorial units.
- **Igbo Traditional Societies:** Decentralized, kinship-based administration with village councils and age grades.
- **Hausa-Fulani Sultanates:** Centralized theocratic administration, emirate system with emirs and caliphates governed by Islamic laws.
2. **Visual Aids and Handouts** (5 minutes)
- Distribute handouts summarizing key points of the various pre-colonial administrations.
- Display maps showing the regions of the different societies discussed.
### Guided Practice (15 minutes)
1. **Group Activity** (10 minutes)
- Divide the students into groups, assigning each group a different pre-colonial society to work on.
- Provide guiding questions: What was the leadership structure? How did they maintain law and order? What was their economic system like?
- Encourage each group to discuss and write down their findings.
2. **Group Presentations** (5 minutes)
- Allow each group to briefly present their findings to the class.
### Independent Practice (20 minutes)
1. **Comparison Exercise** (15 minutes)
- Students will individually complete a worksheet that requires them to compare and contrast at least three different pre-colonial administrations based on the criteria discussed.
2. **Class Discussion** (5 minutes)
- Facilitate a discussion where students can share their comparisons and see how different administrations developed unique solutions to similar challenges.
### Conclusion (15 minutes)
1. **Recap and Review** (7 minutes)
- Summarize the key points covered in the lesson.
- Address any lingering questions.
2. **Exit Ticket** (8 minutes)
- Ask students to write a short paragraph on which pre-colonial administration they found most interesting and why.
- Collect the exit tickets as students leave.
### Homework
- Assign students to research another pre-colonial society not covered in class and prepare a brief report on its administration to be shared in the next class.
## Assessment
- Participation in group activities and presentations.
- Completion and quality of the comparison worksheet.
- Exit ticket responses.
- Homework report.
## Additional Resources
- Recommended readings and websites for further exploration.
- Links to documentaries and video clips related to pre-colonial societies.
---
Feel free to modify this lesson plan to better fit your class's needs and circumstances. The goal is to create an engaging and informative session that enhances students' understanding of pre-colonial governmental structures.